{"page":1,"pages":1,"per_page":"5000","total":13,"source":[{"id":"2","name":"World Development Indicators","concept":[{"id":"Series","variable":[{"id":"IC.BRE.IT.P2","metatype":[{"id":"Dataset","value":"WB_WDI"},{"id":"Developmentrelevance","value":"International trade is a key driver of economic growth and private sector development. Through competition among domestic and foreign firms, it promotes specialization and resource reallocation to the most productive firms. While there are winners and losers among firms, workers, and consumers, international trade can generate overall benefits for the private sector and society. To remain competitive, firms must continuously adapt, innovate, and improve their efficiency, resulting in aggregate productivity growth and welfare. Trade openness may generate further productivity gains by creating economies of scale and providing access to cheaper intermediate inputs of higher quality and variety, as well as facilitating knowledge and technology transfers. Increased access to foreign inputs may enhance productivity and export performance, and it may provide opportunities to diversify the economy and reduce its dependence on a single product or market. This shows the complementarities between exports and imports and emphasizes the importance of trade openness to reap the benefits of international trade.\u000a\u000aTo fully realize the benefits of international trade, it is necessary to have a conducive business environment that reduces trade barriers and lowers compliance and transaction costs for the private sector. A regulatory framework that establishes a nondiscriminatory, transparent, predictable, and safe trading environment generates incentives to engage in international trade and provides a level playing field. Furthermore, it is crucial to have regulations that strike a balance between public policy objectives, including protecting public health and the environment, and the requirements they impose, which can create market distortions that impede trade. Finally, policies that improve the quality of physical and digital infrastructure, as well as border management, reduce the time and cost borne by the private sector, which represents a substantial barrier to trade, and increase participation in international trade for small, medium, and large firms."},{"id":"IndicatorName","value":"B-READY: International Trade Pillar 2: Quality of Public Services for the Facilitation of International Trade"},{"id":"License_Type","value":"CC BY-4.0"},{"id":"License_URL","value":"https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/public-licenses#cc-by"},{"id":"Longdefinition","value":"B-READY focuses on ten topics that are organized following the life cycle of the firm and its participation in the market while opening, operating (or expanding), and closing (or reorganizing) a business. The International Trade topic measures different aspects of international trade—trade in goods, trade in services, and digital trade—across three different dimensions, or pillars. The second pillar assesses digital and physical infrastructure concerning international trade and the quality of border management, thus assessing de facto provision of public services for international trade facilitation."},{"id":"Periodicity","value":"Annual"},{"id":"Referenceperiod","value":"2025-2025"},{"id":"Shortdefinition","value":"B-READY focuses on ten topics that are organized following the life cycle of the firm and its participation in the market while opening, operating (or expanding), and closing (or reorganizing) a business. The International Trade topic measures different aspects of international trade—trade in goods, trade in services, and digital trade—across three different dimensions, or pillars. The second pillar assesses digital and physical infrastructure concerning international trade and the quality of border management, thus assessing de facto provision of public services for international trade facilitation."},{"id":"Source","value":"Business Ready (B-READY) project, World Bank (WB), uri: https://www.worldbank.org/en/businessready"},{"id":"Statisticalconceptandmethodology","value":"Methodology: B-READY is designed for benchmarking across economies. This requires applying a homogeneous methodology to economies at different income levels and in different geographic locations, and quantifying business environment conditions with indicators that can be aggregated into comparable scores.\u000a\u000aB-READY collects both de jure information and de facto measures. De jure data are collected through expert consultations, while de facto data are collected through both expert consultations and firm-level surveys. These granular data provide a wealth of information that can guide specific policy reforms. They are presented in the B-READY report and, in more detail, on the Business Ready website through accessible tools, including economy profiles.\u000a\u000aAll data obtained from experts or firms are collected in raw form and then converted to scores that can be combined with other scores. The scoring methodology is designed to allow aggregation that preserves absolute cardinal differences between economies, rather than producing purely ordinal or relative rankings.\u000a\u000aThe granular data are aggregated into topic-specific pillar scores, topic scores, and overall pillar scores, each ranging from 0 to 100 (where 100 represents the best performance). Each of the ten B-READY topics has three topic-specific pillars: Regulatory Framework, Public Services, and Operational Efficiency. A topic-specific pillar score is built from the points assigned to sets of indicators, organized in categories by subject matter. The topic score is the average of its three topic-specific pillar scores, and each overall pillar score is the average of the corresponding topic-specific pillar scores across the ten topics.\u000a\u000aVintage and comparability: Values correspond to the Business Ready 2025 report (101 economies; B-READY data file version December 10, 2025), the second edition of a three-year rollout (2024-2026) during which coverage expands and the methodology is refined annually (see B-READY Methodology Handbook, Final Second Edition, December 2025). Scores from the Business Ready 2024 report (50 economies) are not included in WDI because these refinements affect comparability across editions, and B-READY does not present its scores as a time series. The 2024 edition remains available on the B-READY website: https://www.worldbank.org/en/businessready/reports. The year shown refers to the report edition, not the exact period of data collection.\u000a\u000aDetails about the B-READY methodology are available on the project website: https://www.worldbank.org/en/businessready/methodology#1"},{"id":"Topic","value":"Private Sector & Trade: Business environment"},{"id":"Unitofmeasure","value":"0-100 scale"}]}]}]}]}